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Selasa, 02 April 2019

U.S. blocks Turkey's F-35 equipment over S-400 deal with Russia - NBC News

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April 2, 2019, 12:23 PM GMT / Updated April 2, 2019, 12:58 PM GMT

By Mosheh Gains, Abigail Williams and Alexander Smith

WASHINGTON — The U.S. has blocked Turkey from receiving equipment relating to the F-35 fighter jet until its NATO ally cancels an order of a Russian missile defense system.

Washington is deeply unhappy about Turkey's order of Russia's S-400 Triumf, which is among the most advanced and feared air-defense systems in the world.

At the same time, Turkey has ordered 30 of the F-35 stealth fighters and plans to buy more than 100 in total, according to manufacturer Lockheed Martin Corp.

Turkey has already "received" its first two jets, although these are currently being kept at Arizona's Luke Air Force Base, where Turkish pilots are training with them.

"The United States has been clear that Turkey's acquisition of the S-400 is unacceptable," acting Pentagon spokesman Charles E. Summers Jr. said in a statement Monday. "Should Turkey procure the S-400, their continued participation in the F-35 program is at risk."

A new S-400 "Triumph" surface-to-air missile system after its deployment at a military base outside the town of Gvardeysk near Kaliningrad, Russia, March 11, 2019.Vitaly Nevar / Reuters file

Turkey agreed to buy the S-400 system from Russia in 2017, a deal reportedly worth $2.5 billion that's set to begin delivery in July.

After months of warnings and ultimatums, the U.S. suspension represents the first major concrete step in trying force Turkey to rethink. This week marks the alliance's 70th anniversary.

Vice President Mike Pence said in February that the U.S. "will not stand idly by while NATO allies purchase weapons from our adversaries."

It is one strand of a increasingly frayed relationship between Washington and its ally that joined NATO in 1952.

The two countries have clashed over Syria, where Turkey opposes U.S.-backed Kurdish fighters who have been instrumental in the fight against ISIS.

Turkey has also been calling for the U.S. to extradite Fethullah Gulen, the exiled cleric currently holed up in a Pennsylvania compound who remains a target of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

The S-400 represents arguably the most pressing of these disputes. Code-named "Growler" by NATO, the system boasts a range of 250 miles and is capable of shooting down aircraft, cruise missiles and drones up to an altitude of 100,000 feet, according to Russian state media.

The U.S. said Monday it was suspending "deliveries and activities associated" with the jet's "operational capability," the spokesman said. In addition, because parts of the F-35 are made in Turkey, the spokesman said the U.S. is now looking at other options for this part of the supply chain.

The ramifications of the S-400 deal could extend further, with "potential future arms transfers" to Turkey from the U.S. also being in jeopardy, a State Department spokesperson said.

Turkey might also face sanctions, thespokesman added, namely under the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act, or CAATSA, which the U.S. deployed when China bought the S-400 and other equipment from Russia's blacklisted state arms export agency.

The suspension came one day before President Donald Trump is due to meet NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg in Washington on Tuesday.

The capital on Thursday will host a summit of the alliance's foreign ministers — including Turkey's — recognizing NATO's 70th anniversary.

Nov. 16, 201805:51

The U.S. and NATO say their biggest concern about the S-400 relates to what they call "interoperability" — making sure all the allies' equipment gels together and communicates seamlessly.

If Turkey buys a Russian missile defense system, it would mean part of its defense infrastructure speaking a different language to the rest of the Western alliance.

Furthermore, some experts worry that if Turkey has both the S-400 and the F-35 on its soil, it will be able to test the Russian system's ability to track the jet, ultimately reducing its effectiveness. Such data would be invaluable were it to fall into the Kremlin's hands.

Mosheh Gains and Abigail Williams reported from Washington, and Alexander Smith reported from London.

Mosheh Gains

Mosheh Gains is a Pentagon producer for NBC News.

Abigail Williams

Alexander Smith

Alexander Smith is a London-based senior reporter for NBC News Digital.

Reuters contributed.

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2019-04-02 12:23:00Z
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Wall Street on Brexit: Top banks predict what will happen next - CNBC

Brexit may look like a confused mess for many, but the big banks are still making calls.

The U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May has seen her preferred deal with Europe rejected three times, but the very same U.K. lawmakers that voted it down have themselves failed twice to agree on any alternatives.

On Tuesday, May called an extended meeting of her senior ministers to try to formulate a plan as the clock ticks down to Europe's next deadline — April 22.

Whether the government heaves toward a no-deal departure, calls a snap general election, works out a softer Brexit or doesn't even leave the European Union are all given similar credibility.

CNBC takes a look at what Wall Street thinks will happen next.

Goldman Sachs said Brexit has cost the U.K. £600 million ($783 million) a week since the 2016 referendum, with economic growth declining by around 2.5 percent.

"The resulting uncertainty over the future political and economic relationship with the EU has had real costs for the U.K. economy, which have spilled over to other economies," Goldman analysts said in a note to clients this week.

The bank also sees a 15 percent chance of a no-deal Brexit which would cause a 17 percent decline in the pound.

The bank has assigned a 35 percent probability of Brexit not happening at all.

The inability of lawmakers, so far, to forge a clear path forward has given May a tiny bit of wiggle room to potentially return to the Houses of Parliament with a fourth shot at getting her provisional agreement over the line.

With parliamentary convention dictating that the vote may have to somehow differ in substance from previous attempts, the bank suggests there could be a run-off vote against another option.

Of the alternatives that lawmakers have been looking into, J.P. Morgan predicts Parliament will coalesce around a single "softer Brexit" option this week.

The bank's greatest probability is a general election at 30 percent, with May's agreement or a long extension to the U.K. exit placed at 20 percent. A second referendum or a no deal are both the least likely options at 15 percent each.

Citi doesn't indicate preferences or probabilities to any Brexit outcome.

However, the bank is not alone in noting that the ruling Conservative Party appears to be hardening toward a "no-deal" Brexit.

Around 200 Conservative lawmakers have reportedly signed a letter to the prime minister demanding a "managed" no-deal exit. But Citi still expects the U.K government to back away from the cliff edge.

The bank noted that a general election would only increase uncertainty and would possibly strengthen the hand of the separatist Scottish National Party (SNP).

On the prospect of May returning her vote to Parliament, Citi believes it would once again be defeated.

The chances of Britain crashing out of the European Union without a deal on April 12 have increased to one in four, according to Deutsche Bank.

The German lender said Monday that it was now bearish on the pound as confusion over the U.K.'s withdrawal from Europe continued.

The bank raised its estimate for the chances of a no-deal Brexit to 25 percent from 20 percent and is targeting an exchange rate of 90 pence per euro. On Monday, the euro was buying 85.61 pence.

Deutsche's base case scenario, which holds a 30 percent probability, is that any consensus agreed by Parliament will fail to be enacted by the government and a general election will be required.

In its note, Deutsche said new elections should not be viewed positively and not just because of the potential for a left-wing Labour government.

"More relevant, in our view is the fact that polling suggests the result could be similar to that in 2017, which has led to the current parliamentary deadlock," said Deutsche Bank macro strategist, Oliver Harvey.

Swiss giant UBS uses its latest Brexit analysis to suggest that an early general election in the U.K. may now be inevitable.

Elections in the U.K. are now held every 5 years unless there is a vote of no confidence in the government or two-thirds of lawmakers vote in favor of holding one.

UBS thinks the latter scenario could be possible as Conservative lawmakers gamble that they could increase their level of support at the ballot box, allowing a greater mandate for Theresa May to pass her Brexit deal.

UBS analysis of swing seats has suggested a Brexit focused election could be of greater help to the Conservatives than the opposition Labour party.

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2019-04-02 12:57:12Z
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Brexit: No deal more likely but can be avoided - Barnier - BBC News

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A no-deal Brexit is now more likely but can still be avoided, the EU's chief negotiator has said.

Michel Barnier said a long extension to the UK's 12 April exit date had "significant risks for the EU" and a "strong justification would be needed".

Meanwhile, the BBC's John Pienaar said Theresa May's cabinet has considered plans to "ramp up" preparations for a no-deal Brexit.

A snap general election was also discussed in the meeting, he said.

A second two-hour regular cabinet meeting will be held later, with the issues likely to be discussed again.

It comes after MPs voted on four alternatives to the PM's withdrawal deal, but none gained a majority.

In the Commons votes on Monday, MPs rejected a customs union with the EU by three votes. A motion for another referendum got the most votes in favour, but still lost.

The so-called indicative votes were not legally binding, but they had been billed as the moment when Parliament might finally compromise.

That did not happen, and one Tory MP - Nick Boles, who was behind one of the proposals - resigned the whip in frustration.

Brexit Secretary Stephen Barclay told MPs that if they wanted to secure a further delay from the EU, the government must put forward a "credible proposition".

One suggestion has been the possibility of a general election - but former foreign secretary Boris Johnson told BBC political editor Laura Kuenssberg that would be likely to "infuriate" voters.

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Instead, Mr Johnson said he believed a new leader and "change in negotiation tactic" could "retrofit" the PM's "terrible" agreement with the EU.

Speaking on Tuesday morning, Mr Barnier said: "No deal was never our desire or intended scenario but the EU 27 is now prepared. It becomes day after day more likely."

Mr Barnier told the European Parliament's foreign affairs committee that "things are somewhat hanging on the decisions of the House of Commons", and that the deal was negotiated with the UK "not against the UK".

"If we are to avoid a no-deal Brexit, there is only one way forward - they have got to vote on a deal.

"There is only one treaty available - this one," he said, waving the withdrawal agreement.

Former Brexit Secretary David Davis told BBC Radio 4's Today programme the way forward was to address the controversial Irish backstop - a measure to avoid the return of a hard border on the island of Ireland.

He said the most "constructive outcome" would be the Malthouse Compromise - which includes extending the transition period for a year until the end of 2021 and protecting EU citizens' rights, instead of using the backstop.

But the Leader of the Commons Andrea Leadsom said the prime minister's deal was the best option.

"The compromise option, the one that delivers on the EU referendum but at the same time enables us to accommodate the wishes of those who wanted to remain in the EU - that is the best compromise," she said.

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Your guide to Brexit jargon

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Labour MP and chairman of the Brexit select committee Hilary Benn told Today that a confirmatory referendum was the best solution.

"A good leader would be taking that decision and put it back to the people," he said.

"[The] fear is that the PM is not going to move an inch. That is why we are at a moment of crisis."

Mrs May's plan for the UK's departure has been rejected by MPs three times.

Last week, Parliament took control of the process away from the government in order to hold a series of votes designed to find an alternative way forward.

Eight options were put to MPs, but none was able to command a majority, and on Monday night, a whittled-down four were rejected too.

Those pushing for a customs union argued that their option was defeated by the narrowest margin - only three votes.

It would see the UK remain in the same system of tariffs - taxes - on goods as the rest of the EU, potentially simplifying the issue of the Northern Ireland border, but prevent the UK from striking independent trade deals with other countries.

Those in favour of another EU referendum pointed out that the motion calling for that option received the most votes in favour, totalling 280.

For months, Parliament has been saying "Let us have a say, let us find the way forward," but in the end they couldn't quite do it. Parliament doesn't know what it wants and we still have lots of different tribes and factions who aren't willing to make peace.

That means that by the day, two things are becoming more likely. One, leaving the EU without a deal. And two, a general election, because we're at an impasse.

One person who doesn't think that would be a good idea is former foreign secretary and Brexiteer Boris Johnson.

He told me going to the polls would "solve nothing" and would "just infuriate people". He also said that only somebody who "really believes in Brexit" should be in charge once Theresa May steps down. I wonder who that could be...

What next?

Tuesday 2 April: A five-hour cabinet meeting
Wednesday 3 April: Potentially another round of indicative votes
Thursday 4 April: Theresa May could bring her withdrawal deal back before MPs for a fourth vote
Wednesday 10 April: Emergency summit of EU leaders to consider any UK request for further extension
Friday 12 April: Brexit day, if UK does not seek / EU does not grant further delay
23-26 May: European Parliamentary elections

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2019-04-02 11:28:11Z
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Warnings of chaotic 'no-deal' grow amid UK Brexit deadlock - Fox News

LONDON – The alarms are flashing, the cliff-edge is coming closer — but can Britain avoid tumbling out of the European Union?

After lawmakers rejected the government's Brexit deal on three occasions, and twice failed to agree on any other option, the U.K. has just 10 days to come up with a new plan or crash out of the EU.

A look at what might happen next:

NO DEAL

Michel Barnier, who has been the chief Brexit negotiator for the other 27 EU countries, has warned that a 'no-deal' Brexit is "likely" because of Britain's political impasse.

Earlier this month, the EU agreed to postpone the original Brexit date of March 29, but gave Britain only until April 12 to come up with a new plan and seek a further extension, or leave without an agreement or a transition period to smooth the way.

Most politicians, economists and business groups think leaving the world's largest trading bloc without an agreement would be damaging for the EU and disastrous for the U.K. It would lead to tariffs imposed on trade between Britain and the EU, customs checks that could cause gridlock at ports and which could spark shortages of essential goods.

A hard core of Brexiteer legislators in May's Conservative Party dismiss this as "Project Fear" and argue for what they call a "clean Brexit." But most lawmakers are opposed to leaving without a deal. Parliament has voted repeatedly to rule out a 'no-deal' Brexit — but it remains the default position unless a deal is approved, Brexit is canceled or the EU grants Britain another extension.

May says the only way to guarantee Britain does not leave the EU without a deal is for Parliament to back her deal, which lawmakers have already rejected three times.

Barring that, Parliament could try to take drastic action such as toppling the government or legislating to force it to avoid 'no-deal' — though these are risky and tricky options.

___

MAY'S UNDEAD DEAL

After almost two years of negotiations, Britain and the EU struck a divorce deal in November, laying out the terms of the departure from the bloc and giving a rough outline of future relations.

But it has been roundly rejected by lawmakers on both sides of the Brexit divide. Pro-Brexit lawmakers think it keeps Britain too closely tied to EU rules. Pro-EU legislators argue it is worse than the U.K.'s current status as an EU member.

Parliament has thrown it out three times, although the latest defeat, by 58 votes, was the narrowest yet. It was rejected even after May won over some pro-Brexit lawmakers by promising to quit if it was approved.

May is considering one last push this week, arguing that Parliament's failure to back any other deal means her agreement is the best option available. But the odds of success look long.

___

SOFT BREXIT

On Monday, Parliament voted on four alternative proposals to May's rejected deal after lawmakers seized control of the schedule from the government.

None got a majority, but the votes revealed a solid block of support for a "soft Brexit" that would maintain close economic ties between Britain and the EU. A plan to keep the U.K. in an EU customs union, ensuring seamless trade in goods, was defeated by just three votes.

May has ruled those options out, because sticking to EU trade rules would limit Britain's ability to forge new trade deals around the world.

But tweaking her deal to adopt a customs union could gain May valuable votes in Parliament. It also would likely be welcomed by the EU and would allow Britain to leave the bloc in an orderly fashion in the next few months.

However, it would also cause a schism in the Conservative Party, sparking the potential resignation of pro-Brexit government ministers.

___

NEW BREXIT REFERENDUM

Parliament also narrowly rejected a proposal for a new referendum on whether to leave the EU or remain.

The proposal for any Brexit deal to be put to public vote in a "confirmatory referendum" was defeated by 12 votes. It was backed by opposition parties, plus some of May's Conservatives — mainly those who want to stay in the bloc.

Her government has ruled out holding another referendum on Britain's EU membership, saying voters in 2016 made their decision to leave.

But with divisions in both Parliament and in May's Cabinet, handing the decision back to the people in a new plebiscite could be seen as the only way forward.

___

BREXIT DELAYED

The alternative to a "no-deal" departure is to delay Brexit for at least several months, and possibly more than a year, to sort out the mess. The EU is frustrated with the impasse and has said it will only grant another postponement if Britain comes up with a whole new Brexit plan.

The bloc is reluctant to have a departing Britain participate in the May 23-26 European parliament elections, but that would have to be done if Brexit is delayed. Still, EU Council President Donald Tusk has urged the bloc to give Britain a Brexit extension if it plans to change course.

A long delay raises the chances of an early British election, which could rearrange Parliament and break the deadlock.

___

Follow AP's full coverage of Brexit at: https://www.apnews.com/Brexit

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2019-04-02 11:07:13Z
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Trump seems inclined to close border despite potential chaos - CNN

Such a dramatic gesture would fulfill many of Trump's most fundamental short-term political goals and indulge a domineering personality and a desire to please his most vehement supporters that drives so much of his behavior as President.

"Our detention areas are maxed out & we will take no more illegals. Next step is to close the Border!" Trump tweeted on Monday, after telling reporters over the weekend, "I'm not playing games."

Trump's anti-immigration rhetoric and willingness to flout international norms suggest he cares little about the humanitarian and diplomatic implications of such a radical move, which he has threatened to take as early as this week.

Yet the swift and severe economic impact of closing the border -- on industries like auto manufacturing, retail and fresh produce, and on US exports to a top trading partner, Mexico -- could finally stay the President's hand and suggests he could be bluffing again.

There were also signs Monday that the administration could be using the threat of a border closure to leverage more action from regional governments to stop the flight of migrants, when Stephen Miller, Trump's senior adviser, said the President was not quite ready to decide on a border closure.

"We will see how much progress we are able to make in the ensuing days, in terms of getting more enforcement with Central and South America, so that we are not getting swamped by meritless asylum claims predominantly from Central America," Miller told top administration immigration surrogates on a conference call, according to notes taken by a listener and obtained by CNN.

Trump closing the border could have 'catastrophic' results, one official warns

A border closure could immediately hike prices of fruits and vegetables all over the United States at a time of the growing season when Mexico is an especially important source of America's food. Within a few days, shortages could ripple around the country, including in Trump's political heartlands of the Midwest and the South.

"We haven't seen a time in the US when supermarket shelves are bare from fresh produce in a long time," said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas. "We have grown very accustomed to having all the food we want when we want to eat it and at a price that is reasonable."

So while Trump would be handing a win on immigration to his supporters on one hand, he could be taking away something even more vital on the other -- a political equation that may weigh against a border closure.

"The impact in the US in general, including with the President's base, would be quite substantial and happen quite quickly," said Geoff Thale, vice president of programs at the Washington Office on Latin America, a human rights and advocacy organization.

A potential political dead end

Another big political downside for the President is that a border closure may not be the most effective way to mitigate a crisis sparked by a rush of asylum claims. It could cause other problems at the border and walk him into a political dead end from which he would find it hard to extricate himself.

As with many other administration initiatives -- including the recent Justice Department decision to back the eradication of Obamacare -- there's not much evidence of planning ahead by the White House.

Despite sending more customs and border personnel to the US-Mexico frontier on Monday and considering the appointment of an immigration czar, the administration has yet to explain how all or part of the border could be closed or what such a step could mean.

Still, senior White House officials, in public and in private, say they can't predict what the President will do to address what Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen says is a "careening" crisis over a spike in migrants flocking to the border. According to Customs and Border Protection, final figures of border crossings by undocumented migrants in March were set to top 100,000, with 40,000 children taken into custody during the month. Nielsen herself left bilateral security meetings in Europe on Monday to return to the US to continue managing the situation at the southern border, a Department of Homeland Security official told CNN's Geneva Sands.

White House acting chief of staff Mick Mulvaney said on ABC's "This Week" on Sunday that it would take "something dramatic" for the President to step back from his threat to close the border. Trump's political counselor Kellyanne Conway warned on "Fox News Sunday" that her boss's warning "certainly is not a bluff."

CNN's Pamela Brown reported on Monday that officials had explained the legal and practical implications of closing the border to the President earlier in his administration -- including the fact that some people live on one side of the border and send their kids to school or work on the other side.

But Trump is deeply frustrated and is fixated on a closure and has asked aides why the law can't be skirted.

Why closing the border would be so like Trump

If he is true to his most basic instincts, Trump will follow through on his threat.

Closing the border would be the kind of sweeping use of executive power that Trump loves. It would identify -- and punish -- an enemy, Mexico. A border shutdown would defy experts and the permanent bureaucracy in Washington who are worried about the dire consequences of such a step.

And pleasing his base on immigration has been a driving force of his presidency.

It's not clear that weeks of briefings by top officials worried about the impact of closing the border, or warnings by groups like the US Chamber of Commerce that Trump would invite "economic calamity," will sway the President when his mind is set.

He has, after all, an idiosyncratic view of trade, suggesting improbably over the weekend that sealing the border could cut the trade deficit and be a "profit-making operation."

During the longest government shutdown in history, Trump was prepared to inflict pain on hundreds of thousands of Americans -- government workers -- in the vain hope of trying to deliver a political victory for himself by forcing Congress to finance his border wall.

The President also has a tendency to prioritize short-term gains and ignore potential serious damage from his strategies farther down the road.

A case in point was his politically pleasing decision over the weekend to halt hundreds of millions of dollars in aid to Central American nations. The move is likely to eventually exacerbate the poor security and social conditions that make migrants flee the lawless countries they call home and head to the US border.

But his move was an aggressive use of presidential power and a blow against the concept of foreign aid in line with his "America First" policy, and it made him look tough to his supporters.

Unlike many other presidents, Trump has often been prepared to gamble with America's reputation and to ignore the implications on complicated international diplomatic questions of decisions on the world stage that benefit him politically.

He has yet to pay a long-term price for moving the US Embassy in Israel to Jerusalem or pulling out of the Iran nuclear deal. He was warned that both decisions could cause an uproar and damage America's reputation, so he may treat warnings from aides less seriously than might be expected.

Closing border posts along the US-Mexico frontier could exacerbate the migrant crisis -- however politically satisfying it may be for Trump.

One side effect might be to push asylum seekers away from official crossings into upcountry areas. Such a scenario might be used by the President to argue that there is an even greater need for his border wall -- although such spin would represent an audacious manipulation of the facts even for Trump.

A more targeted approach would be an emergency influx of legal officials, judges and asylum specialists to quickly process claims. New emergency accommodation for undocumented migrants along with caregivers could ease grim humanitarian conditions.

Yet the chance of Washington's battling political factions coming together to act seem slim since immigration is an issue that has defied bipartisan solutions for over a decade. Divides have been further exacerbated by Trump's inflammatory rhetoric on an issue that did more than any other to power his political ascent.

"Work with Congress and let's enact comprehensive immigration reform," Democratic Sen. Ben Cardin of Maryland told CNN's Dana Bash on Monday when asked what Trump should do.

"If the President really wants to get our immigration system the way it should be, work with us for comprehensive immigration reform and stop doing these types of activities that just turns our neighbors against us."

CNN's Pamela Brown, Jim Acosta and Abby Phillip contributed to this story.

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2019-04-02 11:06:00Z
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Trump seems inclined to close border despite potential chaos - CNN

"Our detention areas are maxed out & we will take no more illegals. Next step is to close the Border!" Trump tweeted on Monday, after telling reporters over the weekend, "I'm not playing games."

"The impact in the US in general including with the President's base would be quite substantial and happen quite quickly," said Geoff Thale, vice president of programs at the Washington Office on Latin America, a human rights and advocacy organization.